1.3. Tobacco growing
Tobacco is grown in some southern and western regions of Ukraine. The area of tobacco production declined from 21,700 hectares in 1980 to 2,680 in 2001 (Table 1.5). In the late 1990s, this area was about 3-4 thousands hectares, which constitutes about 0,01% of area cultivated for agriculture crops.
Table 1.5. Raw tobacco production in Ukraine
| Year | Area used for tobacco cultivation (hectares x 1000) | Yield per hectare (in metric centners) |
production in metric tons |
|||
| All kinds of farms | Agrarian enterprises | Households farms | Farmers | |||
|
1980 |
21.73 |
7.4 |
15.98 |
15.97 |
0.01 |
- |
|
1981 |
19.49 |
8.7 |
17.03 |
17.02 |
0.01 |
- |
|
1982 |
21.07 |
8.0 |
16.88 |
16.87 |
0.01 |
- |
|
1983 |
20.57 |
8.1 |
16.59 |
16.58 |
0.01 |
- |
|
1984 |
19.68 |
7.8 |
15.38 |
15.37 |
0.01 |
- |
|
1985 |
17.94 |
8.3 |
14.90 |
14.87 |
0.02 |
- |
|
1986 |
18.26 |
12.8 |
23.41 |
23.39 |
0.02 |
- |
|
1987 |
18.32 |
15.3 |
28.19 |
28.17 |
0.02 |
- |
|
1988 |
16.31 |
13.7 |
22.36 |
22.33 |
0.03 |
- |
|
1989 |
12.82 |
10.5 |
13.46 |
13.43 |
0.03 |
- |
|
1990 |
10.56 |
11.8 |
12.42 |
12.40 |
0.02 |
|
|
1991 |
10.02 |
12.0 |
12.08 |
12.04 |
0.04 |
|
|
1992 |
8.57 |
10.5 |
8.99 |
8.85 |
0.13 |
0.01 |
|
1993 |
8.16 |
8.7 |
7.14 |
6.09 |
1.01 |
0.04 |
|
1994 |
7.03 |
7.8 |
5.51 |
4.37 |
1.12 |
0.02 |
|
1995 |
5.70 |
7.2 |
4.08 |
2.89 |
1.17 |
0.02 |
|
1996 |
3.70 |
6.7 |
2.46 |
1.54 |
0.90 |
0.02 |
|
1997 |
3.14 |
8.9 |
2.79 |
1.64 |
1.05 |
0.10 |
|
1998 |
3.43 |
7.3 |
2.50 |
0.81 |
1.51 |
0.19 |
|
1999 |
3.98 |
8.2 |
3.26 |
1.40 |
1.62 |
0.24 |
|
2000 |
3.70 |
8.3 |
3.02 |
1.17 |
1.85 |
|
|
2001 |
2.68 |
8.1 |
2.18 |
|
||
Tobacco production in Ukraine was very high in the 1980s (28,190 tons in 1987). It declined in the early 1990s (9,000 tons in 1992), and especially in the late 1990s – the average annual production in 1996-2000 was less then 3,000 tons (Fig. 1.2). In 2001, it was 2,180 tons.
The yield per hectare was about 0,8 tones in the early 1980s, which then increased to 1,5 in 1987 and declined to 0,67 in 1996. In the later part of the year 1990, the yield per hectare was about 0,8 tones.
The decline of raw tobacco production took place mainly in big tobacco Soviet-type enterprises (collective farms and state farms), while small household farms and new private farms increased production. Since 1998, they have been producing more than half of raw tobacco in Ukraine. The recent development of the tobacco growing policy in Ukraine is discussed in Chapter 6.
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